The Indo-Pacific Pivot: Assessing India's Position in the South China Sea

Abstract

As the Indo-Pacific region gains prominence with each passing year, the South China Sea’s strategic significance for the surrounding states and the entire world is undeniable. This region not only serves as a crucial maritime corridor for international trade but also possesses vast untapped natural resources, making it a focal point of geopolitical interests and regional security dynamics. This paper sheds light on India’s diplomatic, unilateral and collective initiatives with coastal nations of South China Sea, underscoring the principal contentions and military activities in the area. It does so by using the concepts of dominant power and geopolitical shifts, accentuating the interactions among major world powers like China, India, and the USA. Furthermore, it investigates India’s commercial pursuits, such as energy ventures and commerce, and the transition in its policy from a stance of neutrality to one of engaged participation under the guidance of Prime Minister Modi. It delineates the progression of India’s approach from a stance of relative detachment to one of proactive engagement in the South China Sea, with an emphasis on bolstering defense cooperation and forging strategic alliances. The paper concludes with an analysis of the strategic dynamics among India, China, and the United States, highlighting India’s commitment to preserving regional balance and ensuring security.

Keywords – South China Sea, power transition theory, freedom of navigation, strategic interests.