Impact, Mitigation and Adaptation: The Global Warming and Climate Change

Abstract

Climate change is a long-lasting change which imposes an existential threat to humanity. It is a global threat that has embarked on and put stress on various sectors. It is now indisputable that the primary cause of this threat is human and natural activities resulting in Green House Gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and agricultural practices have led to global warming and climate change. Observed and anticipated changes in the climate include increasing in temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, changes in the frequency and distribution of weather events such as droughts, storms, floods and heat waves, sea level rise and consequent impacts on human and natural systems which began during the Industrial revolution and have continued to rapidly accelerate. This study is aimed to conceptually engineer how climate variability is deteriorating the sustainability of diverse sectors worldwide. Specifically, the agricultural sector’s vulnerability is a globally concerning scenario, as sufficient production and food supplies are threatened due to irreversible weather fluctuations. In turn, it is challenging the global feeding patterns, particularly in countries with agriculture as an integral part of their economy and total productivity. Climate change has also put the integrity and survival of many species at stake due to shifts in optimum temperature ranges, thereby accelerating biodiversity loss by progressively changing the ecosystem structures. Climate variations increase the likelihood of particular food and waterborne. Climate change draws attention to the relationship between science and society, challenges global governance institutions, and triggers new social movements.

Keywords: Climate change, Mitigation, greenhouse gas, Biodiversity, ecosystem.