Biological Properties, Environmental Applications, Synthesis and Mechanisms of Chalcone Derivatives and Their Heavy Metal Complexes

Abstract

Chalcone derivatives have garnered significant attention due to their structural versatility and wide range of biological applications. This research explores the synthesis of chalcone derivatives and their transition metal complexes, focusing on their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and environmental properties. Through Claisen–Schmidt condensation and complexation with metals like Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II), novel bioactive compounds were developed. Mechanistic studies reveal interactions with cellular biomolecules and potential applications in medicinal and green chemistry. This work emphasizes the importance of chalcone-based metal complexes in future drug development and sustainable technologies.

Key words: Antimicrobial, Chalcone, Derivatives, Biological activity, Bioavailability